Circumcision References

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Moreton S. A critique of Raveenthiran’s “Reply to letter to the Editor: Tracing the origins of circumcision. J Pediatr Surg 2019; 54: 1722-1723.

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Morris BJ. Why circumcision is a biomedical imperative for the 21st century. BioEssays 2007a; 29: 1147-1158.

Morris BJ. Circumcision in Australia: prevalence and effects on sexual health. Int J STD AIDS 2007b; 18: 69-70.

Morris BJ. Male circumcision should be routine. Medical Observer 2009 (10 Apr): 18-19.

Morris BJ.* Scientific evidence dispels false claims about circumcision. Can Urol Assoc J 2014; 8: 396-397.

Morris BJ.* Reply to “Circumcision: A bioethical challenge” by Svoboda & Van Howe. J Med Ethics 2014: e Letter 16791.

Morris BJ.* Implications of circumcision complications for hospital policy. J Paediatr Child Health 2015; 51: 1244-1245.

Morris BJ.* Commentary: Do the benefits of male circumcision outweigh the risks? A critique of the proposed CDC guidelines. Front Pediatr 2015; 3: article 88.

Morris BJ.* The advent of human papillomavirus detection for cervical screening. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2019: 31: 333-339.

Cox G, Morris BJ.* Why circumcision: From pre-history to the 21st century. Chapter 21. In: Bolnick DA, Koyle MA, Yosha A, eds. Surgical Guide to Circumcision. Springer, London, 2012, pp 243-259.

Morris BJ, Castellsague X. The role of circumcision in preventing STIs. In: Gross GE, Tyring S, eds. Sexually Transmitted Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, (ISBN 978-3-642-14662-6), chapter 54, Springer, Heidelberg, 2011, pp. 715-739. 

Morris BJ, Cox G. Current medical evidence supports male circumcision. Chapter 9 in Bolnick DA, Koyle MA, Yosha A, eds. Surgical Guide to Circumcision. Springer, London. 2012, pp 201-231.

Morris BJ,* Eley C. Male circumcision: An appraisal of current instrumentation. Chapter 14. In: Fazel-Rezai R (ed), Biomedical Engineering – From Theory to Applications, InTech, Rijeka, Croatia, 2011, pp 315-354.

Morris BJ,* Hankins CA. Effect of male circumcision on risk of sexually transmitted infections and cervical cancer in women. Lancet Global Health 2017: 5: e1054-e1055.

Morris BJ, Katelaris A, Blumenthal NJ, Hajoona M, Sheen AC, Schrieber L, Lumbers ER, Wodak AD, Katelaris P Evidence-based circumcision policy for Australia. J Mens Health 2022, 18: 132.

Morris BJ,* Klausner JD. In developed countries male circumcision prevalence is inversely related to HIV prevalence. Israel J Health Policy Research 2015; 4: article 40: 1-4.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN. Does male circumcision affect sexual function, sensitivity or satisfaction? – A systematic review. J Sex Med 2013; 10: 2644-2657.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN. Male circumcision does not reduce sexual function, sensitivity or satisfaction. Adv Sex Med 2015; 5: 53-60.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN. The literature supports policies promoting neonatal male circumcision in North America. J Sex Med 2015a; 12: 1305.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN. Examining penile sensitivity in neonatally circumcised and intact men using quantitative sensory testing. J Urol 2016; 23: 8339-8346.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN. Does circumcision increase meatal stenosis risk?—A systematic review and meta-analysis. Urology 2017a; 110: 16-26.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN. Penile inflammatory skin disorders and the preventive role of circumcision. Int J Prevent Med 2017b; 8: article 32. 

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN. Re: Cultural background, non-therapeutic circumcision and the risk of meatal stenosis and other urethral stricture disease: Two nationwide register-based cohort studies in Denmark 1977–2013. [Critique of Frisch & Simonsen 2018.] Surgeon 2018a; 16: 126-129.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN. Reply by the Authors to Van Howe RS. Re: Morris and Krieger: Does circumcision increase meatal stenosis risk? – Systematic review and meta-analysis (Urology 2017; 110: 16-26). Urology 2018b; 118: 245-246.

Morris BJ, Krieger JN. The contrasting evidence concerning the effect of male circumcision on sexual function, sensation and pleasure: A systematic review. Sex Med 2020; 8: 577-598.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33008776/

Morris BJ, Rose BR. Cervical screening in the 21st century: the case for human papillomavirus testing of self-collected specimens. Clin Chem Lab Med 2007; 45: 577-591.

Morris BJ,* Tobian AA. Circumcision is a religious/cultural procedure, not a medical procedure-reply. JAMA Pediatr 2014; 168: 294.

Morris BJ,* Wamai RG. Biological basis for the protective effect conferred by male circumcision against HIV infection. Int J STD AIDS 2012: 23: 153-159.

Morris BJ,* Waskett JH. Circumcision reduces prostate cancer risk. Asian J Androl 2012a; 14: 661-662.

Morris BJ, Waskett JH. Claims that circumcision increases alexithymia and erectile dysfunction are unfounded: A critique of Bollinger and Van Howe’s “Alexithymia and circumcision trauma: A preliminary investigation”. Int J Men's Health. 2012b; 11: 177-181.

Morris BJ,* Wiswell TE. Circumcision and lifetime risk of urinary tract infections: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Urol 2013; 189: 2118-2124.

Morris BJ,* Wiswell TE. 'Circumcision pain' unlikely to cause autism. J Roy Soc Med 2015b; 108: 297.

Morris BJ, Bailis SA, Castellsague X, Wiswell TE, Halperin DT. RACP's policy statement on infant male circumcision is ill-conceived. Aust NZ J Public Health 2006a; 30: 16-22.

Morris BJ, Castellsague X, Bailis SA. Re: Cost analysis of neonatal circumcision in a large health maintenance organization. E. J. Schoen, C. J. Colby and T. T. To. J Urol, 175: 1111-1115, 2006. J Urol 2006b; 176: 2315-2316.

Morris BJ,* Waskett J, Bailis SA. Case number and the financial impact of circumcision in reducing prostate cancer. BJU Int. 2007; 100: 5-6.

Morris BJ,* Bailis SA, Waskett JH, Wiswell TE, Halperin DT. Medicaid coverage of newborn circumcision: a health parity right of the poor. Am J Public Health 2009; 99: 969-971.

Morris BJ,* Gray RH, Castellsague X, Bosch FX, Halperin DT, Waskett JH, Hankins CA. The strong protection afforded by circumcision against cancer of the penis. Adv Urol 2011a: Article ID 812368: 1-21.

Morris BJ,* Waskett JH, Gray RH, Halperin DT, Wamai R, Auvert B, Klausner KD. Exposé of misleading claims that male circumcision will increase HIV infections in Africa. J Public Health Africa 2011b: 2 (article e28): 117-122. 

Morris BJ,* Wodak AD, Mindel A, Schrieber L, Duggan KA, Dilly A, Willcourt RJ, Cooper DA, Lumbers ER, Russell CT, Leeder SR. Infant male circumcision: An evidence-based policy statement. Open J Prevent Med 2012a; 2: 79-82. 

Morris BJ,* Waskett JH, Banerjee J, Wamai RG, Tobian AAR, Gray RH, Bailis SA, Bailey RC, Klausner JD, Willcourt RJ, Halperin DT, Wiswell TE, Mindel A. A ‘snip’ in time: what is the best age to circumcise? BMC Pediatr 2012b; 12 (article 20): 1-15.

Morris BJ,* Wodak AD, Mindel A, Schrieber L, Duggan KA, Dilley A, Willcourt RJ, Cooper DA. The 2010 Royal Australasian College of Physicians policy statement ‘Circumcision of infant males’ is not evidence based. Intern Med J 2012c; 42: 822-828.

Morris BJ,* Wodak AD, Mindel A, Schrieber L, Duggan KA, Dilley A, Willcourt RJ, Cooper DA. The 2010 Royal Australasian College of Physicians policy statement ‘Circumcision of infant males’ is not evidence based. Intern Med J 2012d; 42: 822-828.

Morris BJ,* Bailey RC, Klausner JD, Leibowitz A, Wamai RG, Waskett, JH, Benerjee J, Halperin DT, Zoloth L, Weiss HA, Hankins CA. A critical evaluation of arguments opposing male circumcision for HIV prevention in developed countries. AIDS Care 2012e: 24: 1565-1575.

Morris BJ,* Mindel A, Tobian AAR, Hankins CA, Gray RH, Bailey RC, Bosch X, Wodak AD. Should male circumcision be advocated for genital cancer prevention? Asian Pacific J Cancer Prevent 2012f; 13: 4839-4842.

Morris BJ,* Wodak AD, Mindel A, Schrieber L, Duggan KA, Dilley A, Willcourt RJ, Lowy M, Cooper DA. Reply to Forbes: Evidence-based policy: circumcision of infant males. Intern Med J 2012g; 42: 1279-1280.

Morris BJ,* Waskett JH, Gray RH. Does sexual function survey in Denmark offer any support for male circumcision having an adverse effect? Int J Epidemiol 2012; 41: 310-312.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN, Kigozi G. [Critique of:] Male circumcision decreases penile sensitivity as measured in a large cohort. [Bronselaer et al. BJU Int 2013; 111: 820-827] BJU Int 2013; 111: E269-E270.

Morris BJ,* Bailis SA, Wiswell TE. Circumcision rates in the United States: Rising or falling? What effect might the new affirmative pediatric policy statement have? Mayo Clinic Proceedings 2014a; 89: 677-686. Supporting video at: http://youtu.be/6Oq9GONsBIk ) [Invited Review]

Morris BJ,* Hankins CA, Tobian AAR, Krieger JN, Klausner JD. Does male circumcision protect against sexually transmitted infections? – Arguments and meta-analyses to the contrary fail to withstand scrutiny. ISRN Urol 2014b: article 684706: 1-23.

Morris BJ,* Tobian AA, Hankins CA, Klausner JD, Banerjee J, Bailis SA, Wiswell TE. Veracity and rhetoric in paediatric medicine: a critique of Svoboda and Van Howe's response to the AAP policy on infant male circumcision. J Med Ethics 2014c; 40: 463-470.

Morris BJ,* Bailis SA, Wiswell TE. In reply--Bias and male circumcision. Mayo Clin Proc 2014d; 89: 1588-1589.

Morris BJ,* Tobian AAR, Hankins CA, Klausner JD, Banerjee J, Bailis SA, Wiswell TE, Zoloth LS. Unethical not to recommend circumcision. J Med Ethics 2014e; E-letter 16815.

Morris BJ,* Wamai RG, Henebeng EB, Tobian AAR, Klausner JD, Banerjee J, Hankins CA. Estimation of country-specific and global prevalence of male circumcision. Popul Health Metr 2016; 14: 4 (12 pages and 3 online additional files; Erratum: 2016; 14: 11).

Morris BJ,* Klausner JD, Krieger JN, Willcox BJ, Crouse PD, Pollock N. Canadian Paediatrics Society position statement on newborn circumcision: a risk-benefit analysis revisited. Can J Urol 2016a; 23: 8492-8502.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN, Klausner JD. Critical evaluation of unscientific arguments disparaging affirmative infant male circumcision policy. World J Clin Pediatr 2016b; 5: 251-261.

Morris BJ,* Klausner JD, Krieger JN, Willcox BJ, Crouse PD, Pollock N. Reply to Letter by Robinson et al. re: Canadian Pediatrics Society position statement on newborn circumcision: A risk-benefit analysis revisited. Can J Urol 2017a; 24: 8687-8692.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN, Klausner JD, Rivin BE. The ethical course is to recommend infant male circumcision – Arguments disparaging American Academy of Pediatrics affirmative policy do not withstand scrutiny. J Law Med Ethics. 2017b; 45: 647-663.

Morris BJ,* Krieger JN, Klausner JD. CDC's male circumcision recommendations represent a key public health measure. Glob Health Sci Pract 2017c; 5: 15-27.

Morris BJ, Barboza G, Wamai RG, Krieger JN. Expertise and ideology in statistical evaluation of circumcision for protection against HIV infection. World J AIDS 2017d; 7: 179-203.

Morris BJ,* Kennedy SE, Wodak AD, Mindel A, Golovsky D, Schrieber L, Lumbers ER, Handelsman DJ, Ziegler JB. Early infant male circumcision: Systematic review, risk-benefit analysis, and progress in policy. World J Clin Pediatr 2017e; 6: 89-102.

Morris BJ,* Wamai RG, Krieger JN, Banerjee J, Klausner JD. Male circumcision to prevent syphilis in 1855 and HIV in 1986 is supported by accumulated scientific evidence to 2015: Response to Darby. Glob Public Health 2017f; 10: 1315-1333.

Morris BJ,* Barboza G, Wamai RG, Krieger JN. Circumcision is a primary preventive against HIV infection: Critique of a contrary meta-regression analysis by Van Howe. Glob Public Health 2018a; 13: 1889-1899. 

Morris BJ,* Moreton S, Krieger JN. Meatal stenosis – getting the diagnosis right. Res Rep Urol 2018b; 10: 237-239.

Morris BJ,* Mindel A, Wodak AD. Benefits from being systematic when evaluating circumcision for the paediatric patient. J Paediatr Child Health 2019a; 55: 117-118.

Morris BJ,* Hankins CA, Banerjee J, Lumbers ER, Mindel A, Klausner JD, Krieger JN. Does male circumcision reduce women’s risk of sexually transmitted infections, cervical cancer and associated conditions? (Systematic Review) Front Public Health 2019b; 7: article 4.

Morris BJ,* Hankins CA, Lumbers ER, Mindel A, Klausner JD, Krieger JN, Cox G. Sex and male circumcision: Women’s preferences across different cultures and countries – A systematic review. Sex Med 2019c; 7: 145-161.

Morris BJ,* Moreton S, Krieger JN. Critical evaluation of arguments opposing male circumcision: Systematic review. J Evid Based Med 2019d; 12: Epub ahead of print 8 Sep.

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Circumcision Info

What is circumcision?
Who in the world gets circumised?
The circumcision debate.
Circumcision history and recent trends.
Position statements by national pediatric bodies.
Why the foreskin increases infection risk.
Circumcision - 'shapshot' of health benefits + reviews.
Different specialists see different things.
Circumcision - benefits outweigh the risks.
Pain and memory.
Penile hygiene.
What motivates parents to baby boy circumcision.
Rates of circumcision.
Physical problems.
Inflammatory dermatoses.
Urinary tract infections.
Sexually transmitted infections.
Cancer of the penis.
Prostate cancer.
Cervical cancer in female partners of uncircumcised men.
Breast cancer in female partners of uncircumcised men.
Herpes simplex type 2 virus in women.
Chlamydia in women.
Trichomonas in women.
Bacterial vaginosis in women.
HIV: the AIDS virus.
Circumcision Socio-sexual aspects.
Circumcision - sensitivity, sensation & sexual function.
Circumcision - societal class distinction.
Circumcision prevents infibulation.
Circumcision procedure.
Circumcision & Anesthesia.
Cost of the Circumcision procedure.
Cost benefit of Circumcision.
Circumcision - how do I find someone to do it?.
Circumcision - whose responsibility?...legal
Risks in infants.
Circumcision - risks in adults & older boys.
Circumcision - breastfeeding outcomes and cognitive ability.
Circumcision, does it affect penis length?
Circumcision - why are human males born with a foreskin?
Circumcision - best not to delay til later.
Circumcision - what caused many cultures to ritually remove the foreskin?
Summary
SUMMARY
Conclusion
CONCLUSION
References
In Alphabetical Order
(A – I)(J – R)(S – Z)
Brochures
Brochures, circumcision information guide.
Anti Circumcision
Anti-circumcision lobby groups.
Links & Resources
Circumcision websites & online discussion groups.
BOOK: "In Favour of Circumcision".
About the Author - Professor Emeritus Brian J. Morris.
Adult circumcision stories - testimonials and more.
Donations Welcome
• Donations